@article{ShinYee2024,

title = {Optimisation of fermentation conditions for the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-rich soy sauce},

author = {Chong Shin Yee and Zul Ilham and Acga Cheng and Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim and Siti Hajar-Azhari and Mohd Hafis Yuswan and Nurul Aqilah Mohd Zaini and Anna Reale and Tiziana Di Renzo and Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar},

doi = {10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33147},

issn = {2405-8440},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-07-15},

urldate = {2024-07-00},

journal = {Heliyon},

volume = {10},

number = {13},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {This study addresses the challenge of enhancing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content in soy sauce through optimized fermentation condition. Using a multiple starter culture, consisting of Aspergillus oryzae strain NSK, Bacillus cereus strain KBC and Tetragenococcus halophilus strain KBC, the incubation conditions including the percentage of bacterial inoculum (10, 15 and 20 %), pH (3, 5 and 7) and agitation speed (100, 150 and 200 rpm) were optimized through Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Under the optimal conditions (20 % inoculum, pH 7 and stirring at 100 rpm), the multiple starter culture generated 128.69 mg/L of GABA after 7 days and produced 239.08 mg/L of GABA after 4 weeks of fermentation, which is 36 % higher than under non-optimized conditions (153.48 mg/L). Furthermore, sensory analysis revealed high consumer acceptance of the fermented soy sauce than the control (soy sauce without any treatment and additional bacteria) and commercial soy sauce. Consumers indicated that the starter culture offered an improved umami taste and reduced bitter, sour and salty flavours compared to the commercial product. Under optimal fermentation conditions determined by RSM statistical analysis, the multiple starter culture is able to produce high levels of GABA and is more likely to be accepted by consumers. The findings of this research have the potential to impact the food sector by offering a functional soy sauce with added health benefits and also being well-received by consumers.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Caira2024,

title = {Beyond the gut: Investigating the mechanism of formation of β-casomorphins in human blood},

author = {Simonetta Caira and Antonio Dario Troise and Gianluca Picariello and Sabrina De Pascale and Gabriella Pinto and Marcella Pesce and Francesca Marino and Giovanni Sarnelli and Andrea Scaloni and Francesco Addeo},

doi = {10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140477},

issn = {0308-8146},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-07-14},

urldate = {2024-12-00},

journal = {Food Chemistry},

volume = {460},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {To evaluate the potential differences in the propensity of β-casein A1 (β-CNA1) and A2 (β-CNA2) from bovine milk to release health-relevant β-casomorphins (BCMs), food-derived peptides were monitored over time in the blood of eight human volunteers who consumed milk containing both protein variants. Liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution tandem mass spectrometry revealed interindividual variability of milk peptidomic profiles in human blood. BCMs were not detected, whereas BCM precursors originating from both β-CNA1 and β-CNA2 were ascertained, with β-CNA2-derived peptides showing a slightly greater susceptibility to proteolysis. Ten synthetic peptides mimicking circulating BCM precursors from β-CNA1 and β-CNA2, which were incubated ex vivo with the blood of two volunteers, showed comparable potential to generate BCMs. The formation of BCMs seemed to depend mainly on the size of the BCM precursors and less on the presence of His67 or Pro67. These findings challenge the belief that BCMs are released exclusively from β-CNA1 and support the nutritional safety of conventional milk, informing health policies regarding milk consumption.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Giosuè2024,

title = {Turning Wastes into Resources: Red Grape Pomace-Enriched Biscuits with Potential Health-Promoting Properties},

author = {Annalisa Giosuè and Francesco Siano and Luigia Di Stasio and Gianluca Picariello and Chiara Medoro and Marta Cianciabella and Rosalba Giacco and Stefano Predieri and Ermanno Vasca and Olga Vaccaro and Rosaria Cozzolino},

doi = {10.3390/foods13142195},

issn = {2304-8158},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-07-11},

urldate = {2024-07-00},

journal = {Foods},

volume = {13},

number = {14},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {The life-long adherence to a dietary pattern able to provide a high amount of polyphenols demonstrating beneficial cardiometabolic effects is demanding for the general population. In this study, red grape pomace (GP) was used as an ingredient to increase the daily polyphenols’ intake. The incorporation of crude crushed GP at 20 and 30% (w/w) in a control (CTR) biscuit formula improved the nutritional profile by increasing the fiber and reducing lipid and energy content while providing up to 540 mgGAE of polyphenols per 100 g. Besides anthocyanins, GP contains flavonoids and grape-seed procyanidins, contributing to the remarkable antioxidant capacity of 20- and 30-GP biscuits. Upon in vitro gastro-duodenal enzymatic digestion, the concentration of reducing sugars for 20-GP and 30-GP compared to the CTR biscuits dropped significantly, meaning that the combined action of GP fibers and polyphenols could delay the intestinal absorption of glucose. Overall, 60 volatiles were detected in biscuits. All in all, the content of Maillard reaction products was lower in GP than in CTR biscuits, possibly due to the free radical scavenging ability of polyphenols. Despite the high rates of GP utilized, the sensorial attributes and the overall liking of the GP biscuits—especially the 20-GP ones—were not substantially affected. These findings will support nutritional studies to assess the potential role as functional foods of GP biscuits, and, afterwards, the large-scale production of a food mainly based on a waste ingredient turned into a resource.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Calvo2024,

title = {Interactions between an arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum and the root-associated microbiome in shaping the response of Capsicum annuum “Locale di Senise” to different irrigation levels},

author = {Alice Calvo and Thomas Reitz and Fabiano Sillo and Vincenzo Montesano and Eva Cañizares and Elisa Zampieri and Roghayyeh Mahmoudi and Gholamreza Gohari and Walter Chitarra and Luca Giovannini and Adriano Conte and Carmelo Mennone and Gianniantonio Petruzzelli and Mauro Centritto and Miguel González-Guzmán and Vicent Arbona and Vasileios Fotopoulos and Raffaella Balestrini},

doi = {10.1007/s11104-024-06806-4},

issn = {1573-5036},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-07-02},

urldate = {2024-07-02},

journal = {Plant Soil},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {\textbf{Background and aims}

The use of root-associated microorganisms emerge as a sustainable tool to enhance crop tolerance and productivity under climate change, particularly in drought-affected areas. Here, the impact of an inoculum based on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was evaluated on pepper (<jats:italic>Capsicum annuum</jats:italic> L.) cultivation at varying water irrigation treatments (well-watered, reduced irrigation and rain-fed) under open-field conditions.

\textbf{Methods}

Agronomic and ecophysiological parameters, as well as biochemical analyses on stress markers and phytohormones in leaves and on fruit quality traits, were evaluated, along with the shifts in soil- and root-associated microbial communities.

\textbf{Results}

Rain-fed water treatment caused reduced fruit sizes, while no differences were detected among well-watered and reduced irrigation. Reduced irrigation did not cause a reduction in stomatal conductance. The highest AM fungal colonization rates were observed under reduced irrigation, and the enhanced flavonoid content and reduced oxidative stress markers in AMF-inoculated plants suggested a synergistic effect of AM fungal inoculation in boosting plant tolerance against stress. A shift in microbial community composition in the different irrigation treatments, associated with different enzymatic activity, highlighted the potential role of microbial dynamics in plant stress response under water-limited conditions.

\textbf{Conclusion}

The study suggests that a reduced irrigation comes along with beneficial impacts on pepper root associated microbes, while not impairing crop performance and yields, indicating a potential of saving water. All together, our results imply that optimization of irrigation and beneficial plant–microbe interactions, such as AM fungal symbiosis, can improve pepper physiological and productivity features under climate change





In questo lavoro è stato valutato l’effetto di un inoculo commerciale a base di funghi micorrizici arbuscolari su piante di peperone coltivate in pieno campo e sottoposte a diversi livelli di irrigazione. Con una ridotta irrigazione e in associazione all’inoculazione con i funghi micorrizici arbuscolari la produttività e la fisiologia del peperone migliorano.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Novel food e “storia di uso sicuro come alimento” secondo la Corte di giustizia UE: brevi riflessioni sulla prima applicazione del regolamento (UE) 2015/2283},

author = {Gennaro Di Martino},

url = {https://giustiziacivile.com/unione-europea-e-diritti-umani/note/novel-food-e-storia-di-uso-sicuro-come-alimento-secondo-la},

issn = {2420-9651},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-28},

urldate = {2024-06-28},

journal = {giustiziacivile.com},

abstract = {Nell'applicare per la prima volta il nuovo Regolamento sui novel food (Reg. UE 2015/2283), la CGUE è costretta a ricorrere allo strumento dell'analogia per stabilire che la definizione di “storia di uso sicuro”, ancorché dettata con riferimento ai Paesi terzi, può replicarsi anche con riguardo ai Paesi dell'Unione europea. Una soluzione che desta perplessità nell'interprete poiché svela l'inadeguatezza di un testo normativo che dovrebbe essere centrale nella food policy europea; e che, di conseguenza, si ripercuote negativamente sull'obiettivo di innalzare la fiducia delle imprese e dei consumatori.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Martínez-Fernández2024,

title = {The photoactivated dynamics of dGpdC and dCpdG sequences in DNA: a comprehensive quantum mechanical study},

author = {Lara Martínez-Fernández and James Alexander Green and Luciana Esposito and Martha Yaghoubi Jouybari and Yuyuan Zhang and Fabrizio Santoro and Bern Kohler and Roberto Improta},

doi = {10.1039/d4sc00910j},

issn = {2041-6539},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-26},

urldate = {2024-06-26},

journal = {Chem. Sci.},

volume = {15},

number = {25},

pages = {9676--9693},

publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},

abstract = {Study of alternating DNA GC sequences by different time-resolved spectroscopies has provided fundamental information on the interaction between UV light and DNA, a process of great biological importance. Multiple decay paths have been identified, but their interplay is still poorly understood. Here, we characterize the photophysics of GC-DNA by integrating different computational approaches, to study molecular models including up to 6 bases described at a full quantum mechanical level. Quantum dynamical simulations, exploiting a nonadiabatic linear vibronic coupling (LVC) model, coupled with molecular dynamics sampling of the initial structures of a (GC)5 DNA duplex, provide new insights into the photophysics in the sub-picosecond time-regime. They indicate a substantial population transfer, within 50 fs, from the spectroscopic states towards G → C charge transfer states involving two stacked bases (CTintra), thus explaining the ultrafast disappearance of fluorescence. This picture is consistent with that provided by quantum mechanical geometry optimizations, using time dependent-density functional theory and a polarizable continuum model, which we use to parametrize the LVC model and to map the main excited state deactivation pathways. For the first time, the infrared and excited state absorption signatures of the various states along these pathways are comprehensively mapped. The computational models suggest that the main deactivation pathways, which, according to experiment, lead to ground state recovery on the 10–50 ps time scale, involve CTintra followed by interstrand proton transfer from the neutral G to C−. Our calculations indicate that CTintra is populated to a larger extent and more rapidly in GC than in CG steps and suggest the likely involvement of monomer-like and interstrand charge transfer decay routes for isolated and less stacked CG steps. These findings underscore the importance of the DNA sequence and thermal fluctuations for the dynamics. They will also aid the interpretation of experimental results on other sequences.





L’interazione tra la luce UV ed il DNA è uno dei processi di grande rilevanza biologica ed è anche alla base dei processi ossidativi che recano danno al DNA causando instabilità genomica, uno dei marcatori fondamentali associati all’invecchiamento. L’assorbimento della radiazione crea stati eccitati ad alta energia che evolvono nel tempo portando alla dissipazione dell’energia o all’innesco di processi chimici dannosi per il DNA.  

Studi sperimentali che fanno uso di diverse spettroscopie risolte nel tempo forniscono importanti informazioni sui molteplici meccanismi di decadimento degli stati eccitati. In questo studio abbiamo analizzato la fotofisica di sequenze ripetitive GC di DNA in doppia elica integrando diversi approcci computazionali (metodi quanto-meccanici avanzati e metodi di dinamica molecolare classica) al fine di interpretare i dati sperimentali ed ottenere una descrizione dettagliata dei principali percorsi di deattivazione degli stati eccitati sulla scala dei tempi dei sub-picosecondi. Abbiamo evidenziato la complessa interazione, in tali percorsi, tra i processi di trasferimento protonico e quelli di trasferimento di carica in entrambi gli step GC e CG della doppia elica. I nostri risultati sottolineano l’importanza della specifica sequenza e delle fluttuazioni termiche nella dinamica dei processi, ponendo le basi per l’interpretazione dei risultati sperimentali su altre sequenze di DNA. 

 },

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Quintieri2024,

title = {Postharvest Quality of Citrus medica L. (cv Liscia-Diamante) Fruit Stored at Different Temperatures: Volatile Profile and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils},

author = {Laura Quintieri and Michela Palumbo and Ilde Ricci and Bernardo Pace and Leonardo Caputo and Angelo Adduci and Anna Luparelli and Maria Cefola and Francesco Siano and Rosaria Cozzolino},

doi = {10.3390/foods13111596},

issn = {2304-8158},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-00},

urldate = {2024-06-00},

journal = {Foods},

volume = {13},

number = {11},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Citron (Citrus medica L. cv. Liscia-diamante), cultivated in the “Riviera dei Cedri” (southern Italy), is mainly utilized in the production of candied fruit and essential oils (EOs). Up to now, no information regarding the effect of storage temperatures on citron has been reported. Here, citron samples, after harvesting, were stored at different temperatures (5, 10 and 20 °C at 70% relative humidity) for two weeks, and the main postharvest quality parameters were evaluated. Moreover, EOs extracted from the stored samples were chemically characterized to reveal changes in the volatiles profile and antimicrobial activity. The EOs presented monoterpene hydrocarbons (87.1 to 96.3% of the total oil profile) as the most abundant compounds, followed by oxygenated metabolites ranging from 9.7 to 3.1% of the total pattern. Postharvest quality traits showed a good retention of green peel color during storage at 5 °C, while EOs from samples stored for 7 and 14 days at 10 and 20 °C, respectively, showed the highest antimicrobial activity against most assayed strains. The results indicated storage at 10 °C for 7 days as the most suitable for the preservation of the postharvest quality of the fruit and the antimicrobial activity of the extracted EOs.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Venturi2024,

title = {“CANTINA 5.0”- A Novel, Industry 5.0-Based Paradigm Applied to the Winemaking Industry in Italy},

author = {Francesca Venturi and Alessandro Tonacci and Roberta Ascrizzi and Francesco Sansone and Raffaele Conte and Anna Paola Pala and Angela Tarabella and Chiara Sanmartin and Isabella Taglieri and Roberto Marangoni and Marco Bietresato and Piergiorgio Comuzzo and Roberto Zironi and Alessandro Zironi and Gellio Ciotti and Rino Gubiani},

doi = {10.3390/app14114777},

issn = {2076-3417},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-00},

urldate = {2024-06-00},

journal = {Applied Sciences},

volume = {14},

number = {11},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {The concept of Industry 5.0 is novel from many points of view, as it fosters the transition to a sustainable, human-centric, resilient European industry. To reach this ambitious goal, it is necessary to act simultaneously on many fronts, starting from guaranteeing basic human rights (e.g., privacy, independence, and dignity) and paying attention to the circular economy and energy efficiency. Despite being difficult to adopt in its general formulation, this concept can be scaled up to specific fields, thus producing increased value with repercussions to the whole industrial process. The winemaking industry puts Italy at the forefront globally, as it is also among the key components of the whole national agrifood/agritech value chain. However, the Italian winemaking industry is quite fragmented, with a heterogeneous mix of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and with large companies having opposite approaches to the production process, both in terms of involvement of human resources and seasonality of efforts, due to the existing climate differences nationwide. This fact makes the adoption of common practices even harder but makes the benefits of projects promoting this process innovation more tangible. In such a framework, CANTINA 5.0 seeks to fill in this important gap, promoting the Industry 5.0 principles in a selected group of SMEs and large companies from two different Italian areas featuring different climate conditions and different seasonality, hence characterized by different wine harvesting periods and types of wine production. The present article deals with the description of this paradigm in its single parts, including the use of questionnaires and smart tools to detect the health and well-being state of factory workers and winemakers, the use of well-grounded (including gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) and novel (e.g., based on the Internet-of-Things) environmental monitoring tools applied to the cellars/production departments, and the sensory analysis of the end-products, also leveraging the chemical and emotional characteristics of wines produced using the Industry 5.0 approach.



Il concetto di Industria 5.0 è sotto molti aspetti innovativo, poiché favorisce la transizione verso un’industria europea sostenibile, incentrata sull’uomo e resiliente. Per raggiungere questo ambizioso obiettivo è necessario agire contemporaneamente su più fronti, a partire dalla garanzia dei diritti umani fondamentali (ad esempio, privacy, indipendenza e dignità) e prestando attenzione all’economia circolare e all’efficienza energetica. Pur essendo di difficile adozione nella sua formulazione generale, tale concetto può essere declinato in svariati ambiti specifici, producendo valore, con ricadute sull'intero processo industriale. Il settore vitivinicolo pone l’Italia all’avanguardia a livello globale, essendo anche tra le componenti chiave dell’intera catena del valore agroalimentare/agritech nazionale. Tuttavia, il settore vitivinicolo italiano è piuttosto frammentato, con un mix eterogeneo di piccole e medie imprese (PMI) e con grandi aziende che possiedono approcci opposti al processo produttivo, sia in termini di coinvolgimento di risorse umane che di stagionalità del lavoro, a causa delle differenze climatiche esistenti a livello nazionale. Questo fatto rende ancora più difficile l’adozione di pratiche comuni, ma rende più tangibili i benefici dei progetti che promuovono questa innovazione di processo. In tale scenario, CANTINA 5.0 cerca di colmare questa importante lacuna, promuovendo i principi dell’Industria 5.0 presso un gruppo selezionato di PMI e grandi aziende provenienti da due diverse aree italiane caratterizzate da diverse condizioni climatiche e diversa stagionalità operativa, caratterizzate quindi da diversi periodi di vendemmia e tipologie di produzione del vino. Il presente articolo affronta la descrizione di questo paradigma nelle sue singole parti, compreso l’uso di questionari e strumenti intelligenti per rilevare lo stato di salute e benessere degli operai e dei viticoltori, l’uso di metodi ben strutturati (come la gas-cromatografia/spettrometria di massa) e nuovi strumenti di monitoraggio ambientale (ad esempio basati sull’Internet delle cose) applicati alle cantine/reparti produttivi, e l’analisi sensoriale dei prodotti finali, sfruttando anche le caratteristiche chimiche ed emozionali dei vini prodotti utilizzando l’approccio 5.0.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bavaro2024b,

title = {Potential Prebiotic Effect of Inulin-Enriched Pasta after In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion and Simulated Gut Fermentation},

author = {Anna Rita Bavaro and Mariaelena Di Biase and Vito Linsalata and Isabella D’Antuono and Vita Di Stefano and Stella Lisa Lonigro and Antonella Garbetta and Francesca Valerio and Maria Grazia Melilli and Angela Cardinali},

doi = {10.3390/foods13121815},

issn = {2304-8158},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-00},

urldate = {2024-06-00},

journal = {Foods},

volume = {13},

number = {12},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {In the current study, the prebiotic potential of an innovative functional pasta enriched with 12% (w/w) inulin was investigated. To this aim, pasta was subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion followed by simulated gut fermentation compared to the control pasta (CTRL) not containing inulin. The incorporation of inulin positively (p < 0.05) affected some organoleptic traits and the cooking quality of the final product, giving an overall score significantly higher than CTRL. The resultant essential amino acid content was similar in both pasta samples while the total protein content was lower in inulin-enriched pasta for the polymer substitution to durum wheat flour. The prebiotic potential of chicory inulin was preliminarily tested in in vitro experiments using seven probiotic strains and among them Lacticaseibacillus paracasei IMPC2.1 was selected for the simulated gut fermentation studies. The positive prebiotic activity score registered with the probiotic strain suggested the suitability of the inulin-enriched pasta with respect to acting as a prebiotic source favoring the growth of the probiotic strain and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. The present study contributes to broadening knowledge on the prebiotic efficacy of inulin when incorporated into a complex food matrix.





Nel presente studio è stato investigato il potenziale prebiotico di una pasta funzionale innovativa arricchita con il 12% (p/p) di inulina. A tale scopo, la pasta è stata sottoposta a digestione gastrointestinale in vitro seguita da fermentazione intestinale simulata rispetto alla pasta di controllo (CTRL) non contenente inulina. L'incorporazione dell'inulina ha influenzato positivamente (P<0,05) alcuni tratti organolettici e la qualità di cottura del prodotto finale, conferendo un punteggio complessivo significativamente superiore a CTRL. Il contenuto di aminoacidi essenziali è risultato simile in entrambi i campioni di pasta, mentre il contenuto proteico totale era inferiore nella pasta arricchita con inulina a causa della sostituzione della farina di grano duro con la fibra polimerica. Il potenziale prebiotico dell'inulina di cicoria è stato testato preliminarmente in esperimenti in vitro utilizzando sette ceppi probiotici e tra questi Lacticaseibacillus paracasei IMPC2.1 è stato selezionato per gli studi di fermentazione intestinale simulati. L’indice di prebioticità calcolato sia in monocoltura che in co-coltura con Escherichia coli ha suggerito l’idoneità della pasta arricchita con inulina ad agire come fonte prebiotica favorendo la crescita del ceppo probiotico e la produzione di acidi grassi a catena corta (SCFA). Il presente studio contribuisce ad ampliare le conoscenze sull’efficacia prebiotica dell’inulina quando incorporata in una matrice alimentare complessa.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Favaretto2024,

title = {Neutrophil-activating secretome characterizes palbociclib-induced senescence of breast cancer cells},

author = {Gabriele Favaretto and Marianna Nicoletta Rossi and Lorenzo Cuollo and Mattia Laffranchi and Manuela Cervelli and Alessandra Soriani and Silvano Sozzani and Angela Santoni and Fabrizio Antonangeli},

doi = {10.1007/s00262-024-03695-5},

issn = {1432-0851},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-00},

urldate = {2024-06-00},

journal = {Cancer Immunol Immunother},

volume = {73},

number = {6},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Senescent cells have a profound impact on the surrounding microenvironment through the secretion of numerous bioactive molecules and inflammatory factors. The induction of therapy-induced senescence by anticancer drugs is known, but how senescent tumor cells influence the tumor immune landscape, particularly neutrophil activity, is still unclear. In this study, we investigate the induction of cellular senescence in breast cancer cells and the subsequent immunomodulatory effects on neutrophils using the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib, which is approved for the treatment of breast cancer and is under intense investigation for additional malignancies. Our research demonstrates that palbociclib induces a reversible form of senescence endowed with an inflammatory secretome capable of recruiting and activating neutrophils, in part through the action of interleukin-8 and acute-phase serum amyloid A1. The activation of neutrophils is accompanied by the release of neutrophil extracellular trap and the phagocytic removal of senescent tumor cells. These findings may be relevant for the success of cancer therapy as neutrophils, and neutrophil-driven inflammation can differently affect tumor progression. Our results reveal that neutrophils, as already demonstrated for macrophages and natural killer cells, can be recruited and engaged by senescent tumor cells to participate in their clearance. Understanding the interplay between senescent cells and neutrophils may lead to innovative strategies to cope with chronic or tumor-associated inflammation.



La senescenza cellulare è una condizione della cellula che può essere indotta da molti farmaci antitumorali e che può modificare la crescita del tumore ed influire sulla risposta immunitaria. In questo studio è stato utilizzato il farmaco antitumorale palbociclib su cellule di tumore al seno per indurre la senescenza cellulare e studiarne gli effetti su cellule specifiche del sistema immunitario, i neutrofili. È stato osservato come il trattamento farmacologico con il palbociclib sia in grado di far sviluppare alle cellule cancerose uno stato di senescenza, che seppure reversibile alla sospensione del trattamento, è però caratterizzato dal rilascio di potenti fattori infiammatori capaci di richiamare ed attivare i neutrofili. Questa scoperta contribuisce a chiarire uno dei meccanismi di azione del farmaco palbociclib, in quanto in neutrofili, una volta reclutati dalle cellule senescenti nel tumore, possono agire sulle cellule tumorali stesse partecipando all’azione del sistema immunitario contro il tumore},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Vivo2024,

title = {Chromatin plasticity in mechanotransduction},

author = {Maria Vivo and Valentina Rosti and Sara Cervone and Chiara Lanzuolo},

doi = {10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102376},

issn = {0955-0674},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-00},

urldate = {2024-06-00},

journal = {Current Opinion in Cell Biology},

volume = {88},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Living organisms can detect and respond to physical forces at the cellular level. The pathways that transmit these forces to the nucleus allow cells to react quickly and consistently to environmental changes. Mechanobiology involves the interaction between physical forces and biological processes and is crucial for driving embryonic development and adapting to environmental cues during adulthood. Molecular studies have shown that cells can sense mechanical signals directly through membrane receptors linked to the cytoskeleton or indirectly through biochemical cascades that can influence gene expression for environmental adaptation. This review will explore the role of epigenetic modifications, emphasizing the 3D genome architecture and nuclear structures as responders to mechanical stimuli, which ensure cellular memory and adaptability. Understanding how mechanical cues are transduced and regulate cell functioning, governing processes such as cell programming and reprogramming, is essential for advancing our knowledge of human diseases.





La meccanobiologia è un insieme di meccanismi cellulari che mettono in comunicazione le forze fisiche esterne alla cellula e i processi biologici. Questo processo è fondamentale per guidare lo sviluppo embrionale e l’adattamento agli stimoli ambientali durante l’età adulta. In questa review, abbiamo descritto il ruolo della struttura tridimensionale del DNA nel controllo dell’identità cellulare e nella risposta agli stimoli meccanici, al fine di garantire l’adattabilità della cellula all’ambiente. Comprendere questi meccanismi di base è essenziale per far progredire la nostra conoscenza delle malattie umane.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gorini2024,

title = {Vitamin D: An Essential Nutrient in the Dual Relationship between Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Celiac Disease - A Comprehensive Review},

author = {Francesca Gorini and Alessandro Tonacci},

doi = {10.3390/nu16111762},

issn = {2072-6643},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-00},

urldate = {2024-06-00},

journal = {Nutrients},

volume = {16},

number = {11},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are among the most frequent autoimmune disorders, with a multifactorial etiology in which both genetic and environmental determinants are probably involved. Celiac disease (CeD) also represents a public concern, given its increasing prevalence due to the recent improvement of screening programs, leading to the detection of silent subtypes. The two conditions may be closely associated due to common risk factors, including genetic setting, changes in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota, and deficiency of nutrients like vitamin D. This comprehensive review discussed the current evidence on the pivotal role of vitamin D in modulating both gut microbiota dysbiosis and immune system dysfunction, shedding light on the possible relevance of an adequate intake of this nutrient in the primary prevention of AITD and CeD. While future technology-based strategies for proper vitamin D supplementation could be attractive in the context of personalized medicine, several issues remain to be defined, including standardized assays for vitamin D determination, timely recommendations on vitamin D intake for immune system functioning, and longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials to definitely establish a causal relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the onset of AITD and CeD.





Le tiroiditi autoimmuni (o AITD) sono tra le malattie autoimmuni più frequenti, con un'eziologia multifattoriale in cui sono coinvolti sia determinanti genetici che ambientali. Anche la malattia celiaca (CeD) rappresenta una problematica di rilevanza globale, data la sua crescente prevalenza dovuta al recente miglioramento dei programmi di screening, che portano all’individuazione di sottotipi silenti. Le due condizioni possono essere strettamente associate tra loro in quanto presentano fattori di rischio comuni, tra cui il contesto genetico, i cambiamenti nella composizione e nella varietà del microbiota intestinale e la carenza di nutrienti come la vitamina D. La review presenta quindi le evidenze attuali sul ruolo chiave della vitamina D nel modulare sia la disbiosi del microbiota intestinale che la disfunzione del sistema immunitario, facendo luce sulla possibile rilevanza di un adeguato apporto del nutriente nella prevenzione primaria dell’AITD e della CeD. Sebbene le future strategie basate sulle tecnologie finalizzate ad un’adeguata supplementazione di vitamina D potrebbero essere utili nel contesto della medicina personalizzata, rimangono diversi dubbi da dipanare, tra cui la definizione di test standardizzati per la determinazione delle concentrazioni di vitamina D, la definizione di raccomandazioni tempestive sull’assunzione di vitamina D per garantire un ottimale funzionamento del sistema immunitario e studi longitudinali e randomizzati e controllati per chiarire definitivamente l’eventuale presenza di relazioni causali tra i livelli sierici di vitamina D e l'insorgenza di AITD e CeD.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kumar2024,

title = {Evaluating membrane behavior to ethanol-water mixtures and wine: A comparative investigation},

author = {Yogesh Kumar and Alfredo Cassano and Carmela Conidi and Arianna Ricci and Giuseppina Paola Parpinello and Andrea Versari},

doi = {10.1016/j.lwt.2024.116228},

issn = {0023-6438},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-00},

urldate = {2024-06-00},

journal = {LWT},

volume = {201},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {In this study the performance of three nanofiltration membranes (TS 40, NF99, HL) and one reverse osmosis membrane (RO-SE) while filtering ethanol-water mixtures (0–10.5% v/v) and a white wine (10.5% v/v) was evaluated. The experiments were conducted using water, ethanol-water mixtures, and white wine at varying pressure (0–20 bar, 21 ± 1 °C) to explore the impact of pressure on permeate flux and permeability. Further tests were performed with white wine and ethanol-water mixture (10.5% v/v) at pressure 20 bar and 21 ± 1 °C up to volume reduction factor of 4 to evaluate performance (based on permeate flux, permeability, fouling index, ethanol rejection and retention of selected compounds) of different membrane. Among the investigated membranes the HL membrane exhibited the highest permeate flux consistently across varying operational pressures, showcasing superior permeability. HL and NF99 membranes showed greater effectiveness in reducing the alcohol content in wine, with ethanol rejection rates of 5.14% and 5.46%, respectively. Conversely, RO-SE (10.64%) and TS 40 (18.30%) exhibited the highest ethanol rejection rate. The fouling index for all the membranes ranged between 22.5 and 43.5%. In addition to this NF and HL also showed highest rejection towards reducing sugars (>90%), glucose (>80%), fructose (>88%), citric acid (>88%) and tartaric acid (>89%) in dealcoholized wine. Overall, HL and NF99 membranes appear to be the most effective options for wine dealcoholization.





In questo studio sono state valutate le prestazioni di membrane da nanofiltrazione (NF) e osmosi inversa (OI) per la filtrazione di miscele di etanolo-acqua (0–10,5% v/v) e di vino bianco commerciale (10,5% v/v), finalizzata alla produzione di vino delacolizzato.  Gli esperimenti sono stati condotti a diverse pressioni operative (0–20 bar, 21 ± 1 ◦C) per esplorare l'impatto della pressione sul flusso del permeato. Ulteriori test sono stati eseguiti alla pressione di 20 bar e 21 ± 1 ◦C fino a fattore di riduzione del volume pari a 4 per valutare le prestazioni (flusso di permeato, permeabilità, indice di fouling, reiezione dell’etanolo e di diverse specie molecolari). Alcune delle membrane da NF testate hanno mostrato una maggiore efficacia nel ridurre il contenuto alcolico nel vino, con reiezioni all'etanolo del 5% circa, e reeizioni elevate nei confronti degli zuccheri riducenti (>90%), glucosio (>80%), fruttosio (>88%), acido citrico (>88%) e acido tartarico (>89%).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Antignano2024,

title = {Hybrid copper-polyelectrolyte nanoaggregates obtained with smart block copolymers based on 4-[(hydroxyimino)aldehyde]butyl methacrylate (HIABMA) in water and acetonitrile},

author = {Irene Antignano and Stefano Casciardi and Francesca D'Acunzo and Alessandra Del Giudice and Laura Gatti and Patrizia Gentili and Francesco Mura and Agnese Ricci and Giancarlo Masci},

doi = {10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127197},

issn = {0032-3861},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-06-00},

urldate = {2024-06-00},

journal = {Polymer},

volume = {306},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {The AB multi-stimuli-responsive block copolymer pTEGMA-b-pHIABMA (TEGMA: tetra(ethyleneglycol) methyl ether methacrylate; HIABMA: 4-[(hydroxyimino)aldehyde]butyl methacrylate) comprises a hydrophilic and thermoresponsive PTEGMA block linked to the hydrophobic PHIABMA chain. The latter is endowed with slightly acidic oxime groups that potentially form complexes with metal ions. Here we investigate the formation of hybrid Cu(II)-polymer nanoaggregates both in water and in acetonitrile. Cu(II) ions are quantitatively and rapidly incorporated, in the presence of a base, into pre-formed polymeric core-shell micelles (30 nm diameter by DLS) in water up to 1:2 metal-to-ligand stoichiometry. The pKa of the polymer is decreased from ≅11.2 to 4.65 due to interaction with Cu(II) and the complex is shown to involve oximate ions. The thermoresponsivity of the polymeric micelles remains unchanged with Cu(II) complexation and allows an easy separation by flocculation of the hybrid complex. Moreover, nanoaggregates (D = 20 nm) form in acetonitrile from the fully solubilized copolymer interacting with Cu(OAc)2. The 1:2 Cu(II)/ligand stoichiometry is confirmed with the Job graphical method. Characterization of the hybrid micelles was carried out by UV–Vis spectrometry, DLS, TEM, STEM and SAXS. Quantitative release of Cu(II) in acidic conditions is demonstrated both in water and in acetonitrile. Full recovery of the free metal ions and of intact polymeric micelles is achieved through centrifugal filtration of the aqueous preparation, as a proof-of-concept for a recyclable system for metal uptake and release. Furthermore, Cu0 nanoparticles of 5–10 nm are obtained through reduction of Cu(II) within the micelles with ascorbic acid in aqueous solution.





Viene descritto un sistema polimerico potenzialmente utilizzabile per cicli di cattura e rilascio di ioni rameici. Il sistema si avvale di nanoaggregati ibridi polimero-rame e il recupero del rame e del materiale polimerico è basato su variazioni di pH e temperatura in combinazione con la filtrocentrifugazione.

},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Matić2024,

title = {Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe corylacearum: An emerging problem on hazelnut in Italy},

author = {Slavica Matić and Andrea G. Caruso and Chiara D’Errico and Camilla Sacco Botto and Emanuela Noris and Vojislav Trkulja and Stefano Panno and Salvatore Davino and Marco Moizio},

editor = {Abhay K. Pandey},

doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0301941},

issn = {1932-6203},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-28},

urldate = {2024-05-28},

journal = {PLoS ONE},

volume = {19},

number = {5},

publisher = {Public Library of Science (PLoS)},

abstract = {\textit{Erysiphe corylacearum} has recently been reported in northern Italy (Piedmont) and other European countries as the causal agent of a new emerging powdery mildew on hazelnut. This disease is much more dangerous than the common hazelnut powdery mildew caused by \textit{Phyllactinia guttata} as it significantly reduces yield and quality of hazelnuts. This study aimed to perform morphological and molecular characterization of the fungal isolates from powdery mildew-infected plants in the Piedmont Italian region. Additionally, genetic diversity studies and pathogenicity tests were conducted. Thirty-six fungal isolates originating from symptomatic hazelnut plants exhibiting specific powdery mildew symptoms on the superior leaf side were identified morphologically as \textit{E}. \textit{corylacearum}. Single- and multilocus sequence typing of five loci (ITS, \textit{rpb2}, \textit{CaM}, \textit{GAPDH} and \textit{GS}) assigned all isolates as \textit{E}. \textit{corylacearum}. Multilocus and \textit{GAPDH} phylogenetic studies resulted in the most efficient characterization of \textit{E}. \textit{corylacearum}. Studied fungal isolates were able to cause new emerging powdery mildew disease by fulfilling Koch’s postulates. The emergence of powdery mildew disease in Italy revealed the \textit{E}. \textit{corylacearum} subgrouping, population expansion, and high nucleotide similarity with other recently identified \textit{E}. \textit{corylacearum} hazelnut isolates. To contain this harmful disease and inhibit the fungus spread into new geographical zones, it will be necessary to implement more rigorous monitoring in neighboring hazelnut plantations near infected hazelnuts, use sustainable fungicides and search for new biocontrol agents.





L’agente del nuovo oidio del nocciolo, Erysiphe corylacearum che provoca una malattia più grave del comune oidio causato da Phyllactinia guttata è stato caratterizzato morfologicamente. Sono stati realizzati test di patogenicità e di tipizzazione molecolare mediante Single e Multilocus Sequence Typing su 36 isolati piemontesi che hanno permesso di identificare il patogeno e soddisfare i postulati di Koch.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mazzoli2024b,

title = {Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 relieves inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy in hippocampus of western diet‐fed rats by modulation of systemic inflammation},

author = {Arianna Mazzoli and Maria Stefania Spagnuolo and Francesca De Palma and Natasha Petecca and Angela Di Porzio and Valentina Barrella and Antonio Dario Troise and Rosanna Culurciello and Sabrina De Pascale and Andrea Scaloni and Gianluigi Mauriello and Susanna Iossa and Luisa Cigliano},

doi = {10.1002/biof.2082},

issn = {1872-8081},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-27},

urldate = {2024-05-27},

journal = {BioFactors},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {The consumption of western diets, high in fats and sugars, is a crucial contributor to brain molecular alterations, cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, a mandatory challenge is the individuation of strategies capable of preventing diet‐induced impairment of brain physiology. A promising strategy might consist in the administration of probiotics that are known to influence brain function via the gut‐brain axis. In this study, we explored whether <jats:italic>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</jats:italic> DSM 17938 (<jats:italic>L. reuteri</jats:italic>)‐based approach can counteract diet‐induced neuroinflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and autophagy in hippocampus, an area involved in learning and memory, in rat fed a high fat and fructose diet. The western diet induced a microbiota reshaping, but <jats:italic>L. reuteri</jats:italic> neither modulated this change, nor the plasma levels of short‐chain fatty acids. Interestingly, pro‐inflammatory signaling pathway activation (increased NFkB phosphorylation, raised amounts of toll‐like receptor‐4, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, interleukin‐6, GFAP, and Haptoglobin), as well as activation of ERS (increased PERK and eif2α phosphorylation, higher C/EBP‐homologous protein amounts) and autophagy (increased beclin, P62‐sequestosome‐1, and LC3 II) was revealed in hippocampus of western diet fed rats. All these hippocampal alterations were prevented by <jats:italic>L. reuteri</jats:italic> administration, showing for the first time a neuroprotective role of this specific probiotic strain, mainly attributable to its ability to regulate western diet‐induced metabolic endotoxemia and systemic inflammation, as decreased levels of lipopolysaccharide, plasma cytokines, and adipokines were also found. Therapeutic strategies based on the use of <jats:italic>L. reuteri</jats:italic> DSM17938 could be beneficial in reversing metabolic syndrome‐mediated brain dysfunction and cognitive decline.



Il consumo di diete ricche di grassi e zuccheri contribuisce in modo significativo all’insorgenza di alterazioni molecolari cerebrali, disfunzioni cognitive e malattie neurodegenerative. In questo studio, è stato valutato se la somministrazione del probiotico Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (L. reuteri) può contrastare la neuroinfiammazione indotta dalla dieta, lo stress del reticolo endoplasmatico e l’attivazione del percorso di autofagia nell’ippocampo, in ratti alimentati con una dieta ricca di grassi e fruttosio. È stato rilevato che la dieta ricca in grassi e fruttosio causa un rimodellamento del microbiota intestinale, che non viene modulato dalla somministrazione di L. reuteri. Non sono state rilevate alterazioni nei livelli plasmatici di acidi grassi a catena corta. Il trattamento dietetico causa attivazione della risposta infiammatoria, attivazione di stress del reticolo endoplasmatico e dell’autofagia e la somministrazione di L. reuteri è in grado di prevenire le alterazioni ippocampali. I risultati ottenuti dimostrano, complessivamente, che L. reuteri DSM 17938 svolge un ruolo neuroprotettivo, attribuibile alla sua capacità di regolare l’endotossemia metabolica e l’infiammazione sistemica indotte dalla dieta occidentale.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Corradi2024,

title = {Ex vivo characterization of acute myeloid leukemia patients undergoing hypomethylating agents and venetoclax regimen reveals a venetoclax-specific effect on non-suppressive regulatory T cells and bona fide PD-1+TIM3+ exhausted CD8+ T cells},

author = {Giulia Corradi and Dorian Forte and Gianluca Cristiano and Andrea Polimeno and Marilena Ciciarello and Valentina Salvestrini and Lorenza Bandini and Valentina Robustelli and Emanuela Ottaviani and Michele Cavo and Darina Ocadlikova and Antonio Curti},

doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2024.1386517},

issn = {1664-3224},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-15},

urldate = {2024-05-15},

journal = {Front. Immunol.},

volume = {15},

publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},

abstract = {Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive heterogeneous disease characterized by several alterations of the immune system prompting disease progression and treatment response. The therapies available for AML can affect lymphocyte function, limiting the efficacy of immunotherapy while hindering leukemia-specific immune reactions. Recently, the treatment based on Venetoclax (VEN), a specific B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) inhibitor, in combination with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) or low-dose cytarabine, has emerged as a promising clinical strategy in AML. To better understand the immunological effect of VEN treatment, we characterized the phenotype and immune checkpoint (IC) receptors’ expression on CD4^{+} and CD8^{+} T cells from AML patients after the first and second cycle of HMA in combination with VEN. HMA and VEN treatment significantly increased the percentage of naïve CD8^{+} T cells and TIM-3^{+} CD4^{+} and CD8^{+} T cells and reduced cytokine-secreting non-suppressive T regulatory cells (Tregs). Of note, a comparison between AML patients treated with HMA only and HMA in combination with VEN revealed the specific contribution of VEN in modulating the immune cell repertoire. Indeed, the reduction of cytokine-secreting non-suppressive Tregs, the increased TIM-3 expression on CD8^{+} T cells, and the reduced co-expression of PD-1 and TIM-3 on both CD4^{+} and CD8^{+} T cells are all VEN-specific. Collectively, our study shed light on immune modulation induced by VEN treatment, providing the rationale for a novel therapeutic combination of VEN and IC inhibitors in AML patients.





La leucemia mieloide acuta (LMA) è una malattia aggressiva ed eterogenea caratterizzata, soprattutto nell’anziano, da diverse alterazioni del sistema immunitario che ne favoriscono la progressione e ne influenzano la risposta ai trattamenti. Le terapie attualmente disponibili per la LMA possono compromettere la funzione dei linfociti, limitando l'efficacia dell'immunoterapia e ostacolando le reazioni immunitarie specifiche contro la leucemia. Recentemente, il trattamento basato su Venetoclax (VEN), un inibitore specifico della proteina BCL-2, in combinazione con agenti ipometilanti (HMA) o con basse dosi di citarabina, è emerso come una strategia clinica promettente per la LMA. Per comprendere meglio l'effetto immunologico del trattamento con VEN, abbiamo caratterizzato la funzionalità dei linfociti prima e dopo la terapia con HMA/VEN. Complessivamente, il nostro studio ha fatto luce sulla modulazione immunitaria indotta dal trattamento con VEN, fornendo il razionale per una nuova combinazione terapeutica di VEN e modulatori della funzionalità dei linfociti nei pazienti con LMA.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Melilli2024,

title = {Quality characteristics of cereal-based foods enriched with different degree of polymerization inulin: A review},

author = {Maria Grazia Melilli and Carla Buzzanca and Vita Di Stefano},

url = {https://nutrage.it/review-inulin/

https://nutrage.it/valutazione-delle-caratteristiche-qualitative-di-pasta-fortificata-con-broccoli-brassica-oleracea-var-italica-plenck/},

doi = {10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121918},

issn = {0144-8617},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-00},

urldate = {2024-05-00},

journal = {Carbohydrate Polymers},

volume = {332},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Vegetables, cereals and fruit are foods rich in fibre with beneficial and nutritional effects as their consumption reduces the onset of degenerative diseases, especially cardiovascular ones. Among fibres, inulin, oligofructose or fructooligosaccharide (FOS) are the best-studied. Inulin is a generic term to cover all linear β(2–1) fructans, with a variable degree of polymerization. In this review a better understanding of the importance of the degree of polymerization of inulin as a dietary fibre, functions, health benefits, classifications, types and its applications in the food industry was considered in different fortified foods. Inulin has been used to increase the nutritional and healthy properties of the product as a sweetener and as a substitute for fats and carbohydrates, improving the nutritional value and decreasing the glycemic index, with the advantage of not compromising taste and consistency of the product. Bifidogenic and prebiotic effects of inulin have been well established, inulin-type fructans are fermented by the colon to produce short-chain fatty acids, with important local and systemic actions. Addition of inulin with different degrees of polymerization to daily foods for the production of fortified pasta and bread was reviewed, and the impact on sensorial, technological and organoleptic characteristics even of gluten-free bread was also reported.





Gli ortaggi, la verdura, i cereali e la frutta sono alimenti ricchi di fibre con effetti benefici e nutrizionali ed è noto che il loro consumo contribuisce a ridurre l’insorgenza di malattie degenerative, soprattutto cardiovascolari. Tra le fibre, l'inulina, l'oligofruttosio e i fruttooligosaccaridi (FOS) sono tra le più studiate. L’inulina è un polimero lineare del fruttosio che presenta legami β(2–1), con grado variabile di polimerizzazione. In questa review si riportano gli studi sull'importanza del grado di polimerizzazione dell'inulina come fibra alimentare, sulle sue funzioni, i benefici per la salute, e le differenti applicazioni in campo alimentare per lo sviluppo di nuovi alimenti.

L'inulina è stata utilizzata per aumentare l'apporto nutrizionale e le proprietà nutraceutiche in prodotti a base di cereali, quali pasta e pane, anche gluten free, e come dolcificante o sostituto di grassi in creme, gelati e prodotti caseari, diminuendo l'indice glicemico dei prodotti ottenuti, con il vantaggio di non compromettere gusto e consistenza dei prodotti. Inoltre sono stati ben accertati gli effetti bifidogeni e prebiotici che l’inulina esplica, in quanto viene fermentata nel colon per produrre acidi grassi a catena corta, con importanti azioni locali e sistemiche.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Souid2024,

title = {Assessment of the Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Properties of Salicornia europaea for the Prevention of TAFLD in Rats},

author = {Aymen Souid and Lucia Giambastiani and Antonella Castagna and Marco Santin and Fabio Vivarelli and Donatella Canistro and Camilla Morosini and Moreno Paolini and Paola Franchi and Marco Lucarini and Andrea Raffaelli and Lucia Giorgetti and Annamaria Ranieri and Vincenzo Longo and Luisa Pozzo and Andrea Vornoli},

url = {https://nutrage.it/abstract-eurotox-beer-antisteatotic-effect/

https://nutrage.it/abstract-in-italiano-lavori-con-ringraziamento-a-nutrage-per-divulgazione/},

doi = {10.3390/antiox13050596},

issn = {2076-3921},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-00},

urldate = {2024-05-00},

journal = {Antioxidants},

volume = {13},

number = {5},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {Halophyte species represent valuable reservoirs of natural antioxidants, and, among these, Salicornia europaea stands out as a promising edible plant. In this study, young and old S. europaea leaves were compared for the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity to assess changes in different growth phases; then, the potential protective effects against low-dose CCl4-induced toxicant-associated fatty liver disease (TAFLD) were investigated by administering an aqueous suspension of young leaves to rats daily for two weeks. Quantification of total and individual phenolic compounds and in vitro antioxidant activity assays (DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC) showed the highest values in young leaves compared to mature ones. Salicornia treatment mitigated CCl4-induced hepatic oxidative stress, reducing lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels, and preserving the decrease in glutathione levels. Electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy confirmed these results in the liver and evidenced free radicals increase prevention in the brain. Salicornia treatment also attenuated enzymatic disruptions in the liver’s drug metabolizing system and Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, histopathological examination revealed reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. Overall, this study highlights Salicornia’s potential as a source of bioactive compounds with effective hepatoprotective properties capable to prevent TAFLD.





Le specie di alofite rappresentano preziose riserve di antiossidanti naturali e, tra queste, la Salicornia europaea si distingue come una promettente pianta edibile. In questo studio, le foglie giovani e mature di S. europaea sono state confrontate per il contenuto di composti bioattivi e attività antiossidante per valutare le variazioni nelle diverse fasi di crescita; successivamente, sono stati investigati i potenziali effetti protettivi contro la malattia epatica grassa associata a tossici (TAFLD) indotta a basse dosi di CCl4, somministrando una sospensione acquosa di foglie giovani a ratti quotidianamente per due settimane. La quantificazione dei composti fenolici totali e individuali e i test di attività antiossidante in vitro (DPPH, FRAP e ORAC) hanno mostrato valori più alti nelle foglie giovani rispetto a quelle mature. Il trattamento con Salicornia ha mitigato lo stress ossidativo epatico indotto da CCl4, riducendo la perossidazione lipidica e i livelli di carbonile proteico, e preservando i livelli di glutatione. La spettroscopia di risonanza paramagnetica elettronica (EPR) ha confermato questi risultati nel fegato ed evidenziato la prevenzione dell'aumento dei radicali liberi nel cervello. Il trattamento con Salicornia ha anche attenuato le alterazioni enzimatiche nel sistema di metabolizzazione degli xenobiotici (P450) del fegato e negli enzimi antiossidanti dipendenti da Nrf2. Inoltre, l'esame istopatologico ha rivelato una riduzione dell'accumulo lipidico epatico e dell'infiammazione. In sintesi, questo studio evidenzia il potenziale della Salicornia come fonte di composti bioattivi con proprietà epatoprotettive efficaci, capaci di prevenire la TAFLD.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mazzoli2024,

title = {Modulation of the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway by the probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 prevents diet-induced rat brain dysfunction},

author = {Arianna Mazzoli and Maria Stefania Spagnuolo and Martina Nazzaro and Angela Di Porzio and Valentina Barrella and Antonio Dario Troise and Sabrina De Pascale and Andrea Scaloni and Gianluigi Mauriello and Susanna Iossa and Luisa Cigliano},

doi = {10.1016/j.jff.2024.106162},

issn = {1756-4646},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-05-00},

urldate = {2024-05-00},

journal = {Journal of Functional Foods},

volume = {116},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Dietary patterns high in fat and sugar promote brain dysfunction, but the preventive efficacy of probiotics has been little explored. This study investigated whether the administration of Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (L.reuteri; 108 CFU/day) counteracts cognitive dysfunction and brain redox unbalance induced in male Wistar rats fed a western diet (WD) for 8 weeks.

The results showed that L. reuteri prevented the WD-associated impairment in brain memory function, as evaluated by NOR test, and consistently increased specific molecular markers of synaptic plasticity. The condition of oxidative stress induced by WD, namely enhanced oxidation to proteins and lipids, increased oxidants-producing enzymes as well as reduced nuclear Nrf2 and Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes, was ameliorated by the probiotic. Unexpectedly, mitochondria displayed a diet-induced increase in oxidative capacity, not modified by the probiotic. A protective effect of the probiotic on gut absorption of fructose and its further delivery to brain was evidenced as mechanism involved in cortex redox homeostasis. These findings evidence the potential utility of L. reuteri against WD-induced brain dysfunction and implicate the Nrf2 pathway as a potential mechanism for this effect.



E’ noto che una dieta ricca in grassi e zuccheri può causare disfunzione cerebrale. In questo studio è stato valutato se la somministrazione del probiotico Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 previene la disfunzione cognitiva e lo squilibrio redox nella corteccia frontale di ratti maschi alimentati con una dieta occidentale (WD) per 8 settimane. E’ stato rilevato che la dieta occidentale induce deterioramento della memoria e riduzione dei livelli di marcatori di plasticità sinaptica e che il probiotico è in grado di prevenire tali alterazioni. Inoltre, il trattamento dietetico è risultato associato a una condizione di stress ossidativo che viene prevenuto dalla somministrazione del probiotico mediante la modulazione del pathway di segnalazione di Nrf2. Infine è stato dimostrato che L. reuteri svolge tale ruolo protettivo regolando l’assorbimento intestinale di fruttosio e il suo successivo trasporto a livello cerebrale.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}